home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
TIME: Almanac 1993
/
TIME Almanac 1993.iso
/
time
/
010791
/
0107002.000
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1992-08-28
|
4KB
|
81 lines
M] WORLD, Page 62YUGOSLAVIASaying Yes to Independence
A stunning landslide vote in Slovenia brings the breakup of a
European nation one more step closer
When voters cast ballots in an independence referendum last
week in Slovenia, one of Yugoslavia's constituent republics, the
only real question was how large the pro-secession margin would
be. It turned out to be huge. More than 88% of Slovenia's 2.1
million people opted to break away from Yugoslavia, an
increasingly unwieldy federation of six republics and two
semiautonomous states.
The size of the independence vote shocked the country and
prompted warnings from the federal government that Yugoslavia
was headed for chaos unless agreement was reached quickly on a
new framework for holding it together. Even the triumphant
Slovene nationalists did not dispute the need for such talks,
but they made it clear that major changes for the republics --
such as taxation rights, an independent military and a larger
role in foreign policymaking -- are needed if Yugoslavia is to
survive. "Whether it is called a confederation or a community of
Yugoslav states," said Franc Bucar, the president of Slovenia's
parliament, "Yugoslavia can exist only as a territory for
achieving common interests."
Common interests, though, are few in a state forged out of
remnants of the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires and held
together for the past four decades by little more than communist
ideology. Much like the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia is discovering
that its mosaic of nationalities, cultures and religions is
coming apart. In the year since revolution swept across Eastern
Europe, nationalism has replaced centralism as Yugoslavia's
dominant political creed.
Nationalistic opposition parties ousted the communists in
elections held last year in Slovenia and Croatia, the two
northern republics that were once part of the Austro-Hungarian
empire. In tiny Montenegro and powerful Serbia, whose 8.1
million people make up more than one-third of Yugoslavia's
population, old-style communist leaders stayed in power, but
only by resorting to chauvinist appeals.
In December the leader of the Serbian Socialist Party,
Slobodan Milosevic, won 65% of the vote in a free election,
which gave new force to a long list of Serbian demands. Serbia
has already all but annexed the neighboring province of Kosovo,
where ethnic Albanians outnumber Serbs more than 10 to 1. Serbia
is insisting on special rights for ethnic Serbs in Croatia,
which last year adopted a constitution giving it the right to
secede from the federation. Serbia has used its strong
representation in the federal army to issue thinly veiled
threats about possible use of force should Slovenia and Croatia
secede.
Yet for all the harsh talk that has accompanied the gradual
collapse of the federation, some federal officials still hope
that Yugoslavia will not break up. Says Janez Drnovsek, a former
federal President and a Slovenian representative on the
eight-member federal presidium: "Now that elections are over in
all the republics, I believe their leaders can sit down and
start real negotiations for a new association of Yugoslav
republics. Nobody, not even Serbia, can be interested in a
federation that is in a permanent state of instability or
conflict."
By John Borrell/Vienna. With reporting by James P.
Fish/Ljubljana.